Radiator



G. H. PHELP Oct. 4, 1932.

RADI ATOR Filed Oct. 19, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 UUUDDD UUUUUUUUU HUU UUUUUU EUUUUUUUUUUDUU UUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUDU UUUDUU DUUUUUUUUUUUD Oct. 4, 1932. PHELPS 1,880,274

RADIATOR ,Eild Oct. 19, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 GEORGEH PHEL PSL %1 W Patentecl Oct. 4, 1932 UNITED STATES GEORGE H. PHELPS, OF WAREHOUSE IE'OINT, CONNECTIGUT, ASSIGNOR; BY MESNE AS- g SIG-NMENTS, TO AMERICAN RADIATOR & STANDARD SANITARY CORPOBATION, A

CORPORATION OF DELAWARE RADATOR Application filed October 19, 1929. serial No. 400,785.

This invention relates to radiatorsof the type in which heat is conducted by means of radiating vanes from a steam pipe -or other source of heat to currents of air passing upwardly over the surfaces of the vanes.

An Object of the invention is to provide a radiating vane construction that will economize in the quantity of metal required for the vanes and will utilize this metal in the o manner most eiiicient and efective for the transfer of heat to the air currents.

In a radiator of the above type the cool air comes into contact first with the lower radiating vanes, or lower partsof the vanes, and

is heated to progressively higher temperatures in its upward passage in contact with the vanes. If the temperature of the vanes be kept as nearly as possible to the temperature of the heating element, the transfer of heat from the vanes to the air will be much more rapid in the lower vanes, or the lower parts of the vanes, than in the upper parts of the radiator, since the difference in temperature or temperature gradient from the 2 vanes to the air is much greater at those places where the coolest air is in contact with the heated vane.

Inasmuch as more heat is thus abstracted from the vanes at the lower part of the radiator, a larger quantity of heat must be conducted throughthe vanes at the lower part of the radiator if the outer portions of the vanes are to be maintained at a temperature to obtain the most effective transfer of heat. Further objects of the present invention r are, therefore, to provide a radiator having heat transferring vanes of greater heat conducting capacity in the lower *part of the radiator than in the upper part, and further, to provide for a greater heat transferring ca.- pacity of the lower vanes, or lower'portions of the vanes, by increasing the thickness of the heat conducting metal.

Further objects will be' apparent from the following description of the invention.

The various features of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical front view of a radiator 59 and radiator enclosure, the latter being and construction of the radiator.

Fig. 2 isa vertical View of the radiator and K a section of the enclosure taken at right angles to the view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of the radiator.`

In the present invention a number of ver-\ tical heat distributing vanes are mounted on heating ele1nents,` preferably horizontal steam or hot water pipes or electric heatingelements. The vanes extend transversely 'to the heating element and the heat is conveyed by conduction from those portions of the vanes in direct contact with the heating element to the parts most distant therefrom. The heat is given up from the vanes and from the heating' elements to the air, the heated air rising or beingdisplaced upwardly in the channels or flues between the vanes, thereby settin u a circulation of heated air throu hout the room to be heated. The vanes may be either continuous from the. lowermost part of the radiator to the uppermost, or may be formed in vertical tiers. The'lower parts of' the radiators or the lower tiers are made of greater heat conducting capacity or greater thickness than the upper parts or upper tiers, so that the larger quantities of heat that are taken up by the direct contact of the cooler air with the hot vanes may be conducted from the heating element to the outer parts of the vanes' without such a drop in temperature as would excessively reduce the heating capacity of the outer portions of the vanes.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings the invcntion'is illustrated as applied to a radiator having an upper tier 10 and a lower tier 11 of heat distributing vanes. The vanes 'of tiers 10 and 11 are mounted on horizontal pipes connected to a continuous conduit by return bends 12.

In the specific eXample shown, two parallel pipes 13 and 14: are provided in each tir,`

steam being admitted to these pipes from a common steam header 15. Upon the pipe 14 of the lower tier there are mounted the corrugated plates l and 17 to form the lower tier of radiating vanes, having inner areas 18 at which the plates meet in a vertical plane onthe pipe 14 and having outwardly extend- The-plates 16, 17, 21 and 22 are made of'rela tively thick orheavy metal of high heat conductivity, as indicated by the heavy lines in the drawings.

Corrugated plates 25 and 26 and 27 and' 28, made of relatively much lighter material and of less heat conducting capacity than the ..respectively The flues 29 and 30 may be po- 'sitioned to coincide with the flues'19 and 23,

respectively, but preferably, as shown in the drawings, are longitudinally ofiset relatively to each other so that the laterally closed fiues 19 are directly beneath the open sided flues 1 31, and the closed flues 30 are directly above the open sided flues 24, thereby breaking up the air currents and providing a more rapid Convection of the heat.

The radiator thus formed may be enclosed in a radiator .enclosure 33 having an inlet Opening 34: at its lower end and an outlet Opening or grille 35 through which the heated air is deflected by deflecting plates 36.1 The radiator structure is supported above the floor by means of supporting legs-37.

The invention may also be LDPlied to a radiator having heat distributing vanes and air channels eXtending continuously from the' lower* to the upper part of the radiator, but' having the lower part of the vanes of greater thickness than the upper part, or having the thickness of the plates at different latitudes in proportion, approximately, to the amount of heat to be transferred from the heating ele-` mentto the upwardly passin g currentsof air. Such a graduation of thickness may be obtained in any suitable manner.

The method of forming vertical vanes electrolytically as clescribed in my pendin g application Serial No. 37 8,612 filed July 6, 1929,

may be employed for this purpose. In using. the methocl of the above application in forming radiator vanes of graduated thickness, the heat conducting netal is deposited electrolytically upon a base of thin sheet metal which may be of iron, steel or brass, and the electrolytic apparatus is so arranged that a thicker deposit is formed in the lower portions of the vanes. The apparatus may also be so arranged, as shown in the above application, that the electrolytic deposits of Copper may be thicker in those portions of the ,vanes nearest-the heating element.

In the preferred form of the invention,

therefore, the thickness of the heat conducting metal diminishes towards the upper and outer parts of the vanes.

lVith this construction, the lower parts of the radiato vanes may be madeof a thickness adequate to maintain the outer parts of the vanes at the highest practicable temperature so as to obtain the greatest possible heat-'transfer throughout: the entire area*` of the -vanes without:increasing the weight and quantity ofzmetal inthe upper -part of-the vanes beyond what is required' for heat distribution in the upper areas.

What I claim is:

l'; A radiator having a heating element, heat distributing vanes mounted in; 'spaced positions transversely on said heating-ele-- ment, the thickness of said vanes-decreasing gradually from one side oflsaid heating. ele.--- ment to the other'side. V v A 2.' A radiator having heating. elements,

vertical heat distributing vanes nounted -in r spaced positions onsaid heating. 'elements,-.

thethickness of said -vanes decreasing in an* upper and outer' direction.

3. A radiator having an upper'and alower horizontal heatingx element,. vertical, spaced heat distributing vanes on said heating elements, the. vanes on the upper elementbeing .thinner than those of the lower element and .the thickness .of said vanes-de creasing at' increasing distances from the heating element.

4:. A radiator having an upper .and a lower horizontal heating element, vertical, spaced heat distributing vanes on said heat ing elements, said `vanes forming alternately enclosed 'and openvertical flues, the vaneson the upper-element being: thinner than those ofthe' lowerelement and the thickness` of r said 'vanes decreasing. at increasing distances from the heating element. v

5. A radiator' havinganzupper and a lower: horizontal heating element, vertical, spaced heat distributingvanes on said heat-` ing. elements, s said vanes forming: alternate-- ly enclosed and openfiues, the vanes on the upper element being thinner than and longitudinally displaced relatively to those of the lower element and-the thickness of said vanes' decreasing at increasing. distances from the heating element.

6. A radiator comprising a pair of spaced upper heating tubes and apair of lower spaced heating tubes, vertical *vanes mountedon the tubes of each of said pairs and forming open and enclos/ed aii', fiues, the closed flues of ,one tube alternating with the` closed fluesof the. tube below' and to the side of it, the vanes of the upper tubes be-- ingof 'less heat conducting; capacity than those of thelower tubes;` r

In witness whereof, signed myname.

I have hereuntoa 

